Analyse critically how research and practice developments can be Essay

Analyse critically how research and practice developments can be disseminated to enhance the quality of the student learning exp - Essay Example Evaluation is a process that examines a program in a critical manner (Danielson & McGreal 2005). Evaluation includes things such as looking for information and criticizing that information to ascertain the program activities and the results of those programs. The reason for evaluation is to identify whether a program is effective and if not, you look for areas where you can make improvements (Stephanie, 2010). Evaluation also helps when making decision about the program; it is often a synonym to assessment, but evaluation is more important because it enable the tracking of the student’s performance, hence informing of the need to change the approach of the current methods applied and having no positive results in students (Danielson & McGreal 2005). Evaluation is also a means of gathering information for the improvement of learning opportunities for the child. Research and practice development can therefore, be effectively disseminated to students through evaluation. It is eff ective to disseminate through evaluation because evaluation involves close monitoring and tracking of students. It also makes it easier to identify an area of weakness among the students hence making it possible to make corrections. Through evaluation you can make judgment on whether research and practice development is working out well with the student through constant examining (Danielson & McGreal 2005). ... the evaluator the feedback that will convince him beyond any reasonable doubt that the students have actually made progress (Danielson & McGreal, 2005). The student’s learning experience is an area that must be improved if learning has to be effective at any level and standard. Student learning experience will determine if a student will be able to learn effectively and be able to improve in its area of study (Macdonald 2002). Good learning experience is equal to good motivation for the students. Through a rigorous evaluation strategy, one will be able to examine the progress of the student at certain stages. These stages have a certain time limit so that after a certain stage, you can examine the progress of the student before going to another stage (Danielson & McGreal, 2005). It has to be rigid so that too much time is not wasted and that student knows that at a certain stage he will be evaluated. The rigorous evaluation also helps in comparing the progress of a student wit h previous students and drawing comparisons (Macdonald 2002). First, as a mentor, one should be fully aware of the role because it is them who determine whether a student will be registered as a nurse or not (Macdonald 2002). Student performance should be monitored continuously on the day-to-day basis. To ensure students are learning, mentor has to build confidence within the students themselves. They also have to develop a very good and professional relationship with the students. As a mentor, one should also be able to within a stipulated period, be able to provide feedback that is true, and always suggests for students where to make improvement (Ginny & Forrest, 2000). Mentor should provide the best supervision and being able to assist students in planned learning experience. They should

Johann Sebastian Bach Thesis Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Johann Sebastian Bach - Thesis Example Johann Sebastian Bach, a talented musician and composer, was much less known inter vivos than, for example, Mozart or Beethoven. But he was probably the first musician who successfully combined the best of Italian, French and German music traditions. He did not become well known to the general public during his lifetime and was forgotten in half a century after his death. Surprisingly, Bach’s fame has been growing through years and nowadays he is recognized as one of the greatest composers of all time. Interest in Bach’s music revived and these days it is much more popular than it was during the composer’s life. It’s a paradox, but the composer who has become old-fashioned soon after his death has started to become more and more popular over two hundred and fifty years, moreover, in modern popular culture societies. Most musicologists agree that Bach’s music technique was brilliant and certainly better than the other great composers had. He was familiar with all the musical works of his time and used them perfectly. Nobody can compete with Bach in the art of counterpoint, when two or more different melodies are performed simultaneously. Bach’s creative works are admired for a diversity and conformity of orchestrations, clear expression of sounding themes and melodies. Bach was a prolific composer. His works include around 300 cantatas, compositions of 48 preludes, 140 other preludes, more than 100 works for harpsichord, 23 concerts, 4 overtures, 5 masses, 3 oratorios and many plays. He wrote more than 800 major musical works in all. Being a deeply religious Lutheran, Bach wanted his music to be played in church and dedicated most of his works to religious music. He did not try to discover new music forms, but brought to perfection the existing ones. He was the best organ and harpsichord performer among his contemporaries. And if Bach did not receive recognition during his lifetime as a composer, then his organ improvisation were unmatched. It had to admit even his rivals (Benstock, 1992, p. 18). In the last years of his life and after death Bach’s composer fame began to fade: his style was considered old-fashioned compared to blooming classicism. His was better known and remembered as a performer, teacher and father of Bach, Jr., primarily Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach, whose music was widely known. However, many of the major composers such as Mozart, Beethoven and Chopin knew and loved the works of Johann Sebastian. For example, when visiting St. Thomas’ schools, Mozart heard one of the motets (BWV 225) and exclaimed: â€Å"There is so much to learn!† Later he asked the notes and studied them long and happily. Beethoven greatly appreciated Bach’s music. As a child he played preludes and fugues from The Well-Tempered Clavier and, later, called Bach a true father of harmony. It was also he who was so amazed by Bach’s music that exclaimed - â€Å"not a brook, but a sea† (the word Bach in German means brook). Chopin used to lock in a room and played music of Bach before his own concerts. The works of Johann Sebastian’s had an effect on many composers through ages. Some themes from the works of Bach, for example, the theme from Toccata and Fugue in D minor, were reused in music of the 20th century (Bridges, 2002, p. 35). The biography, written in 1802 by Johann Nikolaus Forkel who knew Bach personally, has spurred interest to Bach’s music in the general public. But a real revival of Bach’s music began with the performance of St. Matthew Passion in 1829, Berlin, organized by Felix Mendelssohn. The audience later called Bach a great true Protestant, brilliant and erudite genius. They learned to appreciate him in full measure again. Mendelssohn continued to promote Bach’s music in subsequent years, which resulted in a growth of the composer’s popularity. In 1850, the Bach Society was founded, which set the goal of collecting, deep

Different in B2B vs B2C Advertising Essay Example for Free

Different in B2B vs B2C Advertising Essay With the ever improving age of technology I think business has made tremendous strides to get on board. Because of the internet,business all over the world has had to make a change in the way they do business in order to keep their present customers and draw in new ones. The economy today is out of control with the cost of everything being extremely high especially gas and diesel fuel but because of technology business are able to reach more customers to try to get their business. The supply chains of B2C to B2B and uniquely differently. A supply chain occurs when a product or service is initiated and proceeds thru all the steps to the final objection. For example when a student inquires with the University of Phoenix from a link they clicked on the internet, the supply chain starts by the automation process that is in place, taking the student to the process in which they are connected to the pre-screening representative then to the enrollment representative who in turn takes the student thru the steps of the application process in order to enroll the student. The process of this supply chain is repetitive once the student makes the initial contact to start it. The difference between the B2C and B2B are in a since similar but different. I would say the primary difference being the avenues a product has to take before reaching the intended destination. B2Chave less avenues to travel versus that of B2B or example, the purchase of a computer through the Dell website, the avenues for the consumer are that of the website to choose the one that best fits their needs as they are dealing directly with the company to purchase the product. On the B2B side it would be the supplier Dell selling their products to the local dealers such as Best Buy, Fry Electronics, or Wal-Mart, the consumer will be getting the product from the second source and not dealing directly which makes the cost of the product more expensive. So with B2C if the transaction went smoothly and error free the customer will probably tell someone about the experience and more than likely be a repeat customer. Conclusion With this being said it is obvious that the supply chains of both have evolved and have advanced to another level because of technology but yet still is challenging and still different in many aspects. Either is still successful and has generated growth in the economy because of the growing improvements with technology.

CLT as a language teaching

CLT as a language teaching Thesis Statement and Annotated Bibliography 05 March 2010 Thesis Statement Teachers usually use CLT as a language teaching method, however, in Baxs opinion CLT should be replaced by Context Approach. Annotated Bibliography Bax, S. (2003). The end of CLT: a context approach to language teaching. In ELT Journal Volume 57/3 (pp. 278-287). Oxford University Press. Baxs article argues that CLT plays a hugely dominant role in language teaching, meanwhile neglecting the context in which teaching takes place. He agrees that CLT is a good method, that is why it is so popular, but it has its own shortcomings. He claims that the context in which language teaching takes place is more important, so teachers should focus on the Context Approach. Bax states that many teachers think that the country which does not use CLT is a backward country. He suggests that the main problem is that the main focus lies on the teachers methodology, which means that the focus is on teaching not in learning. He explains that the Context Approach is not a brand-new idea; it is just not within the CLT. His conclusion is that even though teachers pay attention to context, it is a secondary feature for them, although it should be the key factor both in language teaching and learning. (141 words) Harmer, J. (2003). Popular culture, methods, and context. In ELT Journal Volume 57/3 (pp. 288-294). Oxford University Press. As opposed to Baxs article, Harmer states that methodology in language learning can not be rejected. He agrees with Bax that the teachers training should not be like the PPP method, but disagrees with him in other aspects, such as the importance of the learners local and national culture in language teaching. His main argument in connection with that is the idea of the conflict between the teachers belief and the local culture in connection with the corporal punishment. He thinks that the problems are within the adaptation of the methodology not in its ideas. He mentions Dilys Thorp, who agrees with Bax, but offers another solution, meaning the teacher and the students should meet somewhere in the middle. Harmer concludes that in his opinion there is not a contradiction between methodology and context. (134 words) Tomlinson, B. (2001). Humanising the Coursebook. In Humanising Language Teaching Year 3; Issue 5. http://www.hltmag.co.uk/sep01/mart1.htm Tomlinsons article is about his idea of humanising the coursebook. He states that for the learners the key point in language learning is affect. He thinks the best way is to replace the coursebook with other methods, strategies, and texts. He advises the partial replacement of the coursebook, too. He argues for localizing coursebooks because he thinks that the global coursebooks are not humanistic enough. Therefore he complains about the fact that the learners learn from them. In my opinion this is a very helpful article because it introduces other, more humanistic ways of using a coursebook. The article shows both the positive and the negative sides of the books. It introduces new methodological and contextual approaches, so I can use it to support my argument.

Essays --

The Scott Peterson Case. This case was about a couple, Laci and Scott Peterson who everyone thought they had a good life together, good jobs, nice cars, a golden retriever, a new house, and even a new baby on the way. Scott Peterson began to become unhappy and did not want that new baby with all the stress going on, and instead of getting a divorce he decided to kill his own wife and unborn son! On December 24, 2002, Laci Peterson was reported missing by her husband Scott, she was eight months pregnant. Scott acted very calm and collected about his missing wife, he was on a â€Å"fishing trip† at Berkeley Marina and he when he returned home he seen that lacy was not at home and that was gone from early in the morning to the mid afternoon. They called the cops, and the search for Laci began. It was a huge search over 1,000 volunteers signed up to give information about Laci and her disappearance. There was a 25,000 dollar reward that increased up to 250,000 dollars and then was then increased all the way up to 500,000 dollar reward for any leads that would bring her home. There were posters, and fliers and even a website trying to spread the word about Laci’s disappearance and trying to bring her home to her family and friends. But, There were no signs of Laci anywhere, they began to not believe that she would show up safe anytime soon about halfway thru, but th ey kept looking all the way until March 5th, 2003, when it went from a disappearance case, to a homicide case where Scott Peterson is the biggest suspect they have. Then everyone hopes of Laci coming home safe went down the drain on April 13, 2003. there was a couple that was walking their dog along San Francisco Bay shore in Richmond's Point Isabel Regional Shoreline park, th... ...ut right because i don’t think that any other sentence would be okay. This outcome was correct because he doesn’t get to walk as a free man or even live his life how he was and he doesn’t have the chance to hurt anyone else. If you hurt your child and your wife, who that is supposed to be who you love and protect the most when you are an older man. When you choose to hurt them, your own family i believe you will hurt anyone then. I think that the defendant did receive a fair trial because there were more than 6 jurors, there were about 9, because of the ones who got kicked off, due to different reasons. I think that it was many different point of views. I believe that he received no special treatment, there was so many points and evidence against him, including the lies, and everything he lied about. I think that there was no special treatment to even go his way.

Library Management Synopsys

LIBRARY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM ABSTRACT The project titled Library management system is Library management software for monitoring and controlling the transactions in a library. The project â€Å"Library Management System† is developed in java, which mainly focuses on basic operations in a library like adding new member, new books, and updating new information, searching books and members and facility to borrow and return books. â€Å"Library Management System† is a web based application written for Windows operating systems, designed to help users maintain and organize library.Our software is easy to use for both beginners and advanced users. It features a familiar and well thought-out, an attractive user interface, combined with searching Insertion and reporting capabilities. The report generation facility of library system helps to get a good idea of which are the books borrowed by the members, makes users possible to generate reports’ hard copy. EXISTING SYSTEM In our existing system all the transaction of books are done manually, So taking more time for a transaction like borrowing a book or returning a book and also for searching of members and books.Another major disadvantage is that to preparing the list of books borrowed and the available books in the library will take more time, currently it is doing as a one day process for verifying all records. So after conducting the feasibility study we decided to make the manual Library Management System to be computerized. DISADVANTAGES OF CURRENT SYSTEM * The current system is very time consuming. * It is very difficult to generate report manually. * A Chance of losing the gathered data is more. Sending the report through post is time consuming. * It reduces the burden of collecting the information on staff. PROPOSED SYSTEM Proposed system is an automated Library Management System.Through our software user can add members, add books, search members, search books, update information, edit inform ation, borrow and return books in quick time. Our Proposed system has the following advantages. * User friendly interface * Fast access to database * Less error More Storage Capacity * Search Facility REQUIREMENTS SPECIFICATION Hardware requirements: Machine: Pentium 4 or higher Primary memory : 128MB or above Secondary memory: 100MB of free space Monitor: VGA color Software requirements: Operating System:Windows XP and higher Browser:Internet Explorer 8 and higher Web/Application server:Apache tomcat server 7. 0 Database: Mysql-essential – 5. 1. 30 Languages:JSP, HTML IDE:Eclipse Helios MODULES: * Admin * Member MODULE DESCRIPTION:In Admin login module, Administrator can read and write information about any members, and can update, create and delete the record of membership as per requirement and implements, and keeps track of issues and submission of books and report generation facility of library system helps to generate reports’ hard copy. In Member login module, M ember keeps track of issues and submission of books, can update, create, and delete details of Books. DATA FLOW DIAGRAM: ADMINISTRATOR BOOK RETURN BOOK ISSUE MEMBER ADD MEMBER MEMBER DATABASE UPDATE BOOK DELETE BOOK ADD BOOK STUDENT DATABASE BOOKS DATABASE

Motivation and Organisational Behavior

What is motivation? Motivation is define as the stimulus that drives, direct and maintaining the human behavior to reach goals (Wood et al. , 2006). In the context of workplace, motivation will be the one that drive the employee to perform and give more effort to contribute in the company or organization growth. Hence, it is crucial that manager keeps their employee or workers motivated. In this essay, one out of four content theories and one out of two process theory will be defined out and compared out. There are 2 types of motivation theory: Content and process theory. While content theory looks to factors within the individual and attempt to answer most of the â€Å"what† question in the context of motivation, process theory emphasize more on â€Å"how† does someone gets motivated. (Vincent Gabriel, 2003). A few theorists that have contributed to the few famous theories are Maslow, Herzberg, Atkinson, and McClelland (Vincent Gabriel, 2003). In theory, there is a continuous relationship between need (drive), tension, action and satisfaction (Reduction of drive). But in reality, it might be more complex than just those 4 actions. These are because: People’s needs are changing over time, and how people react to failure plays a part too. For example a failure to someone will demoralize him, and yet it might push another person to strive for to be better. Hence, their varying needs translated into varying actions of each individual. (Vincent Gabriel, 2003). One of the famous theories in terms of motivation is Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs theory. In this theory, Abraham Maslow defined out human needs in 5 steps, with each lower step must be satisfied or fulfilled before advancing to the further steps. He identify higher order needs, such as self esteem and self actualization and lower order needs such as social, safety and physiological needs (wood et al, 2006). Maslow rank these needs up by assuming which needs are more important, hence the need to satisfy it before other needs can serve as motivators. (Wood et all, 2006). According to Maslow himself, once the lower needs have been satisfied, it will not serve as the motivator anymore (Udechukwu, 2009). For example, for a normal human, the most basic needs include food, water and a place to live. Once this eeds have been fulfilled, he will then move on to the next hierarchy: safety. To put it in rough term, he will then want to be able to continue to eat and drink, hence he will find a job and a source of income to do so. Once that is satisfied too, and then he will be able to move on to the next level, so on and so forth. Hence, as you can see, a person will continue to climb the â€Å"pyramid† until he reaches the top of the scale: self actualization. From here onward, he then will think on how to expand himself further, and start fulfilling other aspect of needs. As what have written previously, while content theory like Maslow’s hierarchy of needs explains out on what are the factors that motivate people, there’s process theory that explain on how does the motivator motivate people, or even, whether is the motivator effective or rather counter-productive instead? In this essay, for the process theory, we are going to look at Adam’s equity theory. Equity theory suggests that employee must develop a sense of fairness after comparing themselves against their peer or others. Huseman et al suggest that there are three types of individuals (Shore, 2004). They are: ‘Benevolents’, who are described as â€Å"giver†, who prefer to have given more input than output. There’s also ‘Entitleds’, who are the â€Å"getter†, who on the contrary to the â€Å"giver†, will feel discontent and unfair when their input is larger than their output, and finally, the third type of individual is the one that what Huseman called Equity Sensitives, who will adhere to the old equity theory and will just stick with the balance of input and output (Shore, 2004). With all the individuals defined, Equity theorist starts to predict that benevolent, entitled, and equity sensitives will respond differently to fairness in workplace. For example, benevolent (giver) will feel more satisfied when they feel that they are under-rewarded than when they were over-rewarded. On the contrary, Entitleds (taker), will feel unsatisfied when they were under-rewarded. On a field study done by Huseman, what have been found out about these 3 individuals is that, indeed that both entitleds and equity sensitives are behaving like what was predicted, but on the contrary of the expectation, enevolents do get more satisfied when they were over-reward (Shore, 2004). This strange phenomenon happened too on other studies by King et al (1993), Alien and White(2002), and also Sauley and Bedeian(2000). Even though all those studies have their own limitation, we can safely conclude that the benevolents are the most tolerant to the under-reward and also more satisfied than the other 2 types of individuals (Shore, 2004). To compare and contrast both the content and process theory mentioned above, we can rather say that they both must be practiced in the workplace instead of only choosing either one. As what have been mentioned earlier on, the content theory is only explain out the â€Å"what† factor of a human motivator. For this, Maslow basically theorized based on what does one needs that haven’t been fulfilled and arranging them up in a hierarchy order (Harris et al, 1993). Whereas process theory will be dwelling on the nature on how or what problem does human see and perceived and whether it will motivate them. To put it simply, what have been explained above about equity theory is that even with a reward, it may affect different individuals differently. Before we look into how a job design actually helps in motivating an employee in a company, let’s take a look on what actually is a job design and what are some of the characteristic first. A job design is basically a planning and specification of a job task so that the job are done like how we want it to be (Wood et al, 2006). Under the job design itself, there are four major areas that we will want to cover later on. Those four are: job simplification, job enlargement, job rotation, and job enrichment. To explain these four aspects better, let us examine a short and simple case of a pirate ship (Rao, 2010). In a pirate ship, there are a lot of jobs involved. It can be as small as normal pirate crew, to the extent until the captain of the ships. Different job have different scopes that need to be fulfilled. Now if we were to design a job in this ship, how will we be able to design it up then? A group of people in MBA have actually grouped them up into two categories: the star tasks and the guardian tasks. The star tasks job scope include target identification, command in the battle until the negotiation for alliance between fleet. Whereas, the guardian task job is rather more operational, such as allocating crews, solving conflicts, executing punishment, distributing loot evenly until the role of medic (Rao, 2010). The question is, is it really efficient then, to lump all those tasks into two groups only? Well, the answer is most probably quite obvious: No. In such setting of the pirate ship, it will be rather hard for one individuals to be able to have the skills to be the Great Star or Great guardian, since both of them require a totally different set of skills. What will happen is that with this kind of job design, it will discourage a crew member to apply for the position of the star or guardian position. In this case, we will want to use job simplification to analyze and solve this issue. Job simplification is meant to make someone excel in a job(wood et al, 2006), for example, a crew member of the ship will be task to do a specific job only (eg. Negotiating with other fleet). In the long term, the crew member will get better and better in that area of job. The strength of this job design approach, however, is its biggest weakness also. This is because, since that the job have been simplified, the crew member will get bored doing it again and again for so many years already. This is when we will want to other approach such as job enlargement, job enrichment and job rotation. Job enlargement involves combining two or more skills that were assigned to separate workers previously (Wood et al, 2006). The only difference between this and the job simplification is that now the worker are responsible over different areas and also have more jobs to do (eg. Negotiator can also be tasked to manage the navigation). The other approach that involves equipping the crew or worker with more skills is job rotation. This approach can be defined as working different tasks or in different position for a set of time (Kaymaz, 2010). This approach focus more on the flexibility of the worker, decreasing the monotony, supporting career development, enabling high level of adaptation, and also to decrease stress (Kaymaz, 2010). With all those advantage, the most obvious disadvantage will most probably that the crew or worker will spend too much time to adapt and learn different sets of skills. Last but not least is the job enrichment approach. This involves in adding responsibility to the worker, making their job is more in depth. (wood et al, 2006). With all those job design approach been defined out, it will then enable us to combine and come up with a set of approach that we can use so that our employee are motivated. An appropriate job design can always motivate the employee up if we identify out, each and every single needs of an employee. A new employee that recently joined the company will most probably want to fulfill his physiological needs; hence he will want to have the appropriate salary. If his performance is good most of the time, and the company wants to retain him, the company must takes in the account on whether he is â€Å"benevolents† type or the â€Å"entitleds† type to measure the tolerance level on deciding his pay. Once all of those approach has been made, company must also keep close look on the employee, so that they can react fast to apply other approach such as job enlargement or even to the extent of job enrichment and empowerment if the employees begun to show signals that they are not motivated anymore. And now, we have covered the content theory of Maslow, the Adam’s Equity theory for the process theory in the context of motivation theory, and we also have covered job design approach and how to apply it in the company and organization. Hence it will be pretty obvious, that to motivate people, we will want to know what’s the key motivator is the person, whether he will be motivated with the changes that have been made and also how can the company change to motivate him better.